Wood Skin Codex https://woodskincodex.com Medicine (particularly dermatology), technology, and topics of general interest. Sun, 15 Feb 2026 20:49:55 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.1 https://woodskincodex.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/toad-512-150x150.png Wood Skin Codex https://woodskincodex.com 32 32 Lifetime Earnings by Medical Specialty https://woodskincodex.com/lifetime-earnings-by-medical-specialty/ Sun, 08 Feb 2026 18:30:45 +0000 https://woodskincodex.com/?p=404 This page presents an interactive visualization of cumulative career earnings across medical specialties, starting from the first year of residency and extending through attending practice. You can explore how differences in training length and compensation compound over time by adjusting the year range and selectively toggling specialties on or off. The goal is to make long-term tradeoffs between specialties more concrete and comparable at a glance. This tool is a work in progress.

Advanced options
Current: $250,000

Retirement Savings by Medical Specialty

Building on the earnings trajectories above, this chart models how a fixed percentage of annual income might translate into long-term wealth when saved consistently and allowed to compound over time at a conservative assumed annual return of 10%. It incorporates the effects of training duration, income transitions from residency to attending practice, and optional medical school debt with interest and paydown dynamics. By adjusting the savings rate, year range, and specialty selection, you can explore how early-career constraints and later earnings interact to shape net retirement wealth. Like the earnings chart above, this is a simplified, illustrative model and remains a work in progress.

Assumptions:

  • Salary data is from medscape (2025).
  • Residency salary is $67613.
  • Fellowships: For some specialties (e.g. radiology / pathology) where almost everyone does a fellowship, I assumed a fellowship year and calculated that as an extra year of residency.
  • Annual return on investment is 10%.
  • Medical school loans: Default value is $250,000 at graduation. Interest rate is 8%. 15% of yearly income is used to pay down loans / applied to savings as a default.

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AGEP Probability Calculator https://woodskincodex.com/agep-probability-calculator/ Fri, 06 Feb 2026 19:02:59 +0000 https://woodskincodex.com/?p=387 .wp-block-post-featured-image { display:none; } :root { --bg: #f5f7fb; --card-bg: #ffffff; --accent: #2563eb; --accent-soft: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.1); --accent-strong: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.15); --border-subtle: #e0e4f0; --text-main: #111827; --text-muted: #6b7280; --danger: #b91c1c; --warning: #b45309; --success: #15803d; --radius-lg: 16px; --shadow-soft: 0 18px 45px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12); } * { box-sizing: border-box; } body { margin: 0; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "SF Pro Text", "Segoe UI", sans-serif; background: radial-gradient(circle at top left, #e0ecff, #f9fafb 55%); color: var(--text-main); padding: 24px; } .page { max-width: 1080px; margin: 0 auto; } .header { margin-bottom: 20px; } .title-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; align-items: baseline; } h1 { font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 2.2vw, 2rem); 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AGEP EuroSCAR Score Clinical tool

Calculates the Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP) validation score (EuroSCAR) and outputs the corresponding diagnostic category.

Inputs
Live scoring
1. Morphology
Evaluate the morphology of pustules, erythema, and global distribution.
Pustules
Small, non-follicular pustules on edematous erythema = “typical”.
Erythema
Distribution / pattern
2. Post-pustular desquamation
Peeling after pustules resolve.
Desquamation
3. Course & systemic features
Use the time relationship to the suspected drug and early clinical course.
Mucosal involvement
Clinically relevant mucosal lesions argue against AGEP.
Acute onset ≤ 10 days
Resolution ≤ 15 days
Fever ≥ 38.0 °C
Neutrophils ≥ 7000 / mm³
4. Histology
Choose the single best description of the biopsy (if available).
Biopsy pattern
Classic pattern: spongiform subcorneal/intraepidermal pustules with papillary dermal edema.

How to Use the AGEP EuroSCAR Score

This tool applies the EuroSCAR validation score for Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP).1 By combining key clinical features, timing and systemic findings, and histopathology, it generates a total score categorized as no, possible, probable, or definite AGEP. This calculator is provided for educational purposes only; I cannot guarantee that it is free of errors, and clinicians should always refer to the original EuroSCAR publication and apply clinical judgment when using this tool in real-world practice.

1. Morphology

Assess three independent features at presentation: pustules, erythema, and distribution. Score each separately as Typical, Compatible, or Insufficient.

Pustules
Typical (+2): Numerous small (<5 mm), non-follicular, superficial pustules on edematous erythema, with sudden onset and possible confluence.
Compatible (+1): Pustules present but not classic (e.g., fewer, larger, partially follicular, or limited extent).
Insufficient (0): Pustules absent, very sparse, obscured, or not assessable.

Erythema
Typical (+2): Diffuse, bright red, edematous erythema clearly associated with pustules.
Compatible (+1): Erythema present but less intense, patchy, or atypical.
Insufficient (0): Minimal, absent, or poorly documented erythema.

Distribution / pattern
Typical (+2): Generalized, symmetric eruption, often starting on face, intertriginous areas, or trunk, with rapid spread.
Compatible (+1): Suggestive distribution but limited extent or atypical initial site.
Insufficient (0): Distribution unclear, localized only, or undocumented.


2. Post-pustular Desquamation

Yes (+1): Characteristic superficial peeling after pustule resolution.
No / insufficient (0): No desquamation observed or follow-up insufficient.


3. Course and Systemic Features

Mucosal involvement — Yes (−2): Clinically relevant oral, ocular, or genital lesions; No (0): Absent.
Acute onset ≤ 10 days — Yes (0): Eruption begins within 10 days of the suspected trigger; No (−2): Latency >10 days.
Resolution ≤ 15 days — Yes (0): Clinical resolution within 15 days; No (−4): Persistent beyond 15 days.
Fever ≥ 38.0 °C — Yes (+1): Documented fever at or near onset; No (0).
Neutrophilia — Yes (+1): Neutrophils ≥ 7,000 / mm³; No (0).


4. Histology (if biopsy performed)

Select the single best overall interpretation.

Other disease (−10): Histology clearly supports an alternative diagnosis (e.g., pustular psoriasis, infection, SJS/TEN).
Not done / not representative (0): No biopsy or inadequate sample.
Neutrophil exocytosis (+1): Neutrophils migrating into epidermis without well-formed pustules.
Compatible pustules (+2): Subcorneal or intra-epidermal pustules compatible with AGEP but not classic; papillary dermal edema may be absent.
Classic AGEP pattern (+3): Spongiform subcorneal and/or intra-epidermal pustules with papillary dermal edema, often with mixed perivascular infiltrate.

About This Tool

I was inspired to build this tool when I couldn’t find one by googling. I was tired of calculating this by hand. I expect this page will be obsolete if it ever gets added to MDCalc.

  1. Tetart F, Walsh S, Milpied B, et al. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis: European expert consensus for diagnosis and management. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2024;38(11):2073-2081. doi:10.1111/jdv.20232 ↩

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Mohs Fellowship Network Maps and Community Analysis https://woodskincodex.com/mohs-fellowship-network-maps/ Tue, 01 Jul 2025 00:16:03 +0000 https://woodskincodex.com/?p=312 /* ---------------------------- DATA ---------------------------- */ const edges = [ ["Affiliated Dermatologists & Dermatologic Surgeons, P.A.","Albert Einstein CoM"], ["Affiliated Dermatologists & Dermatologic Surgeons, P.A.","Boston University"], ["Affiliated Dermatologists & Dermatologic Surgeons, P.A.","Southern Illinois University"], ["Affiliated Dermatologists & Dermatologic Surgeons, P.A.","Stony Brook Dermatology"], ["Affiliated Dermatologists & Dermatologic Surgeons, P.A.","SUNY Downstate"], ["Affiliated Dermatologists & Dermatologic Surgeons, P.A.","U of Illinois at Chicago"], ["Affiliated Dermatologists & Dermatologic Surgeons, P.A.","U of Maryland"], ["Albert Einstein CoM","Albert Einstein CoM"], ["Albert Einstein CoM","Albert Einstein CoM"], ["Albert Einstein CoM","Albert Einstein CoM"], ["Albert 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["Larkin Community Hospital","Larkin Community Hospital"], ["Larkin Community Hospital","Larkin Community Hospital"], ["Larkin Community Hospital","Larkin Community Hospital"], ["Larkin Community Hospital","Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine"], ["Lehigh Valley Health Network","Cooper University Hospital"], ["Lehigh Valley Health Network","Larkin Community Hospital"], ["Lehigh Valley Health Network","Lehigh Valley Health Network"], ["Lehigh Valley Health Network","Lehigh Valley Health Network"], ["Lehigh Valley Health Network","Ohio Health Riverside Methodist Hospital"], ["Loma Linda Health Education Consortium","HealthPartners Institute"], ["Mayo Clinic","Brown University"], ["Mayo Clinic","Brown University"], ["Mayo Clinic","Harvard"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo Clinic"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo Clinic"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo Clinic"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo Clinic"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo Clinic"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo Clinic"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo Clinic"], ["Mayo Clinic","Mayo 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School"], ["New York University","U of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School"], ["Northwestern University","Boston University"], ["Northwestern University","Broward Health"], ["Northwestern University","Emory University"], ["Northwestern University","Harvard"], ["Northwestern University","Icahn SoM"], ["Northwestern University","Mayo Clinic"], ["Northwestern University","SUNY Downstate"], ["Northwestern University","U of Mississippi"], ["Northwestern University","U of Washington"], ["Northwestern University","Washington University St. Louis"], ["Ohio State University","Stanford"], ["Ohio State University","Stony Brook Dermatology"], ["Ohio State University","Technological Institute of Monterrey"], ["Ohio State University","U of Colorado"], ["Ohio State University","U of Minnesota"], ["Ohio State University","U of Virginia"], ["Ohio State University","Washington University St. Louis"], ["Oregon Health and Science University","HCA Healthcare/USF Morsani CoM"], ["Oregon Health and Science University","Oregon Health and Science University"], ["Oregon Health and Science University","Oregon Health and Science University"], ["Oregon Health and Science University","U of Kansas"], ["Oregon Health and Science University","U of New Mexico"], ["Oregon Health and Science University","U of Puerto Rico"], ["Oregon Health and Science University","Washington University St. Louis"], ["Penn State – Hershey","Emory University"], ["Penn State – Hershey","Penn State – Hershey"], ["Penn State – Hershey","Penn State – Hershey"], ["Penn State – Hershey","Temple Dermatology"], ["Penn State – Hershey","Thomas Jefferson University"], ["Penn State – Hershey","U of Virginia"], ["Penn State – Hershey","Vanderbilt"], ["Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","Farmington Hills"], ["Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","Larkin Community Hospital"], ["Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine"], ["Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine"], ["Rhode Island Hospital/Brown University Health","U of Pittsburgh"], ["Roger Williams Medical Center","Brown University"], ["Roger Williams Medical Center","Brown University"], ["Roger Williams Medical Center","Brown University"], ["Roger Williams Medical Center","Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian Hospital"], ["Saint Louis University","Mayo Clinic"], ["Saint Louis University","Saint Louis University"], ["Saint Louis University","Saint Louis University"], ["Saint Louis University","U of Alabama at Birmingham"], ["Saint Louis University","U of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"], ["Saint Louis University","Vanderbilt"], ["Saint Louis University","Washington University St. Louis"], ["Scripps Clinic - La Jolla","George Washington University St. Louis and Health Sciences"], ["Scripps Clinic - La Jolla","Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University"], ["Scripps Clinic - La Jolla","Oregon Health and Science University"], ["Scripps Clinic - La Jolla","U of Alabama at Birmingham"], ["Scripps Clinic - La Jolla","U of Maryland"], ["Scripps Clinic - La Jolla","UC Irvine"], ["Silver Falls Dermatology","Campbell University at Sampson Regional Medical Center"], ["Silver Falls Dermatology","Campbell University at Sampson Regional Medical Center"], ["Silver Falls Dermatology","Silver Falls Dermatology"], ["Silver Falls Dermatology","Silver Falls Dermatology"], ["Silver Falls Dermatology","Silver Falls Dermatology"], ["Silver Falls Dermatology","Silver Falls Dermatology"], ["Silver Falls Dermatology","Silver Falls Dermatology"], ["St. Joseph Mercy","St. Joseph Mercy"], ["St. Joseph Mercy","St. Joseph Mercy"], ["St. Joseph Mercy","St. Joseph Mercy"], ["St. Joseph Mercy","St. Joseph Mercy"], ["Texas Tech","San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium"], ["Texas Tech","Texas Tech"], ["The Skin Institute of South Florida","Prime West Consortium/Newport Beach Program"], ["The Skin Institute of South Florida","U of Miami"], ["Trinity Health Livingston Hospital","Campbell University at Sampson Regional Medical Center"], ["Trinity Health Livingston Hospital","Northeast Regional Medical Center, Still OPTI Dermatology Residency Program"], ["Trinity Health Livingston Hospital","St. Joseph Mercy"], ["U of Alabama at Birmingham","Dartmouth"], ["U of Alabama at Birmingham","HCA HealthCare/Mercer University SoM/Orange Park Hospital"], ["U of Alabama at Birmingham","U of Alabama at Birmingham"], ["U of Alabama at Birmingham","U of Alabama at Birmingham"], ["U of Alabama at Birmingham","U of Oklahoma"], ["U of Alabama at Birmingham","UC San Diego"], ["U of Alabama at Birmingham","Wayne State University"], ["U of Arizona","Baylor CoM"], ["U of Arizona","U of Arizona"], ["U of Arizona","U of Arizona"], ["U of Arizona","U of Arizona"], ["U of Cincinnati","Rush University Medical Center"], ["U of Cincinnati","U of Cincinnati"], ["U of Cincinnati","U of Cincinnati"], ["U of Cincinnati","U of Cincinnati"], ["U of Cincinnati","U of Utah"], ["U of Cincinnati","UC Irvine"], ["U of Colorado","Stony Brook Dermatology"], ["U of Colorado","SUNY Downstate"], ["U of Colorado","U of Colorado"], ["U of Colorado","U of Colorado"], ["U of Florida","Nova Southeastern University/Largo Medical Center"], ["U of Florida","Stony Brook Dermatology"], ["U of Florida","U of Connecticut"], ["U of Florida","U of Florida"], ["U of Florida","U of Florida"], ["U of Florida","U of Florida"], ["U of Florida","U of Maryland"], ["U of Iowa","Brown University"], ["U of Iowa","Duke University"], ["U of Iowa","Medical U of South Carolina"], ["U of Iowa","U of Iowa"], ["U of Iowa","U of Kansas"], ["U of Iowa","U of Rochester"], ["U of Iowa","Vanderbilt"], ["U of Louisville","Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University"], ["U of Louisville","U of Florida"], ["U of Louisville","U of Louisville"], ["U of Louisville","U of Louisville"], ["U of Michigan","Dartmouth"], ["U of Michigan","Duke University"], ["U of Michigan","U of Michigan"], ["U of Michigan","U of Michigan"], ["U of Michigan","U of Michigan"], ["U of Michigan","U of Miami"], ["U of Michigan","Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian Hospital"], ["U of Minnesota","Cleveland Clinic"], ["U of Minnesota","Ohio State University"], ["U of Minnesota","Rutgers New Jersey Medical School"], ["U of Minnesota","U of Minnesota"], ["U of Minnesota","U of Minnesota"], ["U of Minnesota","West Virginia University"], ["U of Mississippi","LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans"], ["U of Mississippi","Rush University Medical Center"], ["U of Mississippi","U of Florida"], ["U of Mississippi","U of Mississippi"], ["U of Mississippi","U of Mississippi"], ["U of Mississippi","U of Mississippi"], ["U of Mississippi","UT Southwestern"], ["U of Missouri","Marshfield Clinic"], ["U of Missouri","Stony Brook Dermatology"], ["U of Missouri","SUNY Downstate"], ["U of Missouri","U of Alberta"], ["U of Missouri","U of Missouri"], ["U of Missouri","U of North Carolina"], ["U of Nebraska Medical Center","U of Southern California"], ["U of Nebraska Medical Center","U of Vermont"], ["U of North Carolina","Duke University"], ["U of North Carolina","HCA Healthcare Corpus Christi Medical Center-Bay Area Derm. Residency Program"], ["U of North Carolina","Mayo Clinic"], ["U of North Carolina","U of Alabama at Birmingham"], ["U of North Carolina","U of North Carolina"], ["U of North Carolina","U of North Carolina"], ["U of North Carolina","U of Puerto Rico"], ["U of Pennsylvania","Brown University"], ["U of Pennsylvania","Emory University"], ["U of Pennsylvania","Oregon Health and Science University"], ["U of Pennsylvania","U of Oklahoma"], ["U of Pennsylvania","U of Pennsylvania"], ["U of Pennsylvania","U of Pennsylvania"], ["U of Pennsylvania","U of Pennsylvania"], ["U of Pennsylvania","Wake Forest Dermatology"], ["U of Pennsylvania","Zucker SoM at Hofstra/Northwell"], ["U of Pittsburgh","Eastern Virginia Medical School"], ["U of Pittsburgh","HCA HealthCare/Mercer University SoM/Orange Park Hospital"], ["U of Pittsburgh","Ohio Health Riverside Methodist Hospital"], ["U of Pittsburgh","U of Connecticut"], ["U of Pittsburgh","U of Pittsburgh"], ["U of Pittsburgh","U of Pittsburgh"], ["U of Pittsburgh","U of Pittsburgh"], ["U of Rochester","Brown University"], ["U of Rochester","Penn State – Hershey"], ["U of Rochester","Stanford"], ["U of Rochester","Stony Brook Dermatology"], ["U of Rochester","U of Rochester"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","Addis Ababa University"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","Case Western Reserve University/MetroHealth Medical Center"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","Duke University"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","Henry Ford Dermatology"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","Naval Medical Center San Diego"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","New York University"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","Rush University Medical Center"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","U of Chicago"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","U of Michigan"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","U of Ottawa"], ["U of Texas - MD Anderson","U of Miami"], ["U of Texas Medical Branch","Texas Tech"], ["U of Texas Medical Branch","U of Texas Medical Branch"], ["U of Texas Medical Branch","U of Texas Medical Branch"], ["U of Texas Medical Branch","U of Texas Medical Branch"], ["U of Texas Medical Branch","U of Texas Medical Branch"], ["U of Texas Medical Branch","U of Texas Medical Branch"], ["U of Texas Medical Branch","U of Texas Medical Branch"], ["U of Toronto","HCA VCOM Lewisgale Montgomery Hospital"], ["U of Toronto","Kansas City University-GME Consortium/Advanced Dermatology Cosmetic Surgery"], ["U of Toronto","McGill University"], ["U of Toronto","U of Alberta"], ["U of Toronto","U of Costa Rica"], ["U of Toronto","U of Montreal"], ["U of Toronto","U of Toronto"], ["U of Toronto","U of Toronto"], ["U of Toronto","U of Toronto"], ["U of Toronto","U of Toronto"], ["U of Toronto","U of Toronto"], ["U of Toronto","U of Toronto"], ["U of Toronto","UCLA"], ["U of Toronto","Universite Laval Dermatology Residency Program"], ["U of Utah","Dalhousie University"], ["U of Utah","Dartmouth"], ["U of Utah","Henry Ford Dermatology"], ["U of Utah","Oregon Health and Science University"], ["U of Utah","Oregon Health and Science University"], ["U of Utah","U of Utah"], ["U of Utah","UCSF"], ["U of Vermont","St. Joseph Mercy"], ["U of Vermont","Stanford"], ["U of Vermont","U of Vermont"], ["U of Vermont","U of Vermont"], ["U of Vermont","U of Virginia"], ["U of Vermont","Uniformed Services University"], ["U of Vermont","Wake Forest Dermatology"], ["U of Vermont","Washington University St. Louis"], ["U of Virginia","Albert Einstein CoM"], ["U of Virginia","U of Virginia"], ["U of Virginia","U of Virginia"], ["U of Virginia","U of Virginia"], ["U of Wisconsin","New York University"], ["U of Wisconsin","Rush University Medical Center"], ["U of Wisconsin","U of Iowa"], ["U of Wisconsin","U of Vermont"], ["U of Wisconsin","U of Wisconsin"], ["U of Wisconsin","U of Wisconsin"], ["U of Wisconsin","UC Davis"], ["U Texas - MD Anderson","U of Iowa"], ["U Texas - MD Anderson","U of Rochester"], ["UC Davis","Harvard"], ["UC Davis","U of South Florida"], ["UC Davis","UC Davis"], ["UC Davis","UC Irvine"], ["UC Davis","UC Irvine"], ["UC Davis","UC Irvine"], ["UC Davis","UT Houston"], ["UC Irvine","Cleveland Clinic"], ["UC Irvine","Cook County Health and Hospitals System"], ["UC Irvine","SUNY Downstate"], ["UC Irvine","U of Cincinnati"], ["UC Irvine","UC Davis"], ["UC Irvine","UCSF"], ["UC Irvine","Yale"], ["UC San Diego","Boston University"], ["UC San Diego","Henry Ford Dermatology"], ["UC San Diego","New York University"], ["UC San Diego","Stanford"], ["UC San Diego","Stanford"], ["UC San Diego","Stanford"], ["UC San Diego","Stanford"], ["UC San Diego","U of Arizona"], ["UC San Diego","U of Michigan"], ["UC San Diego","U of Southern California"], ["UC San Diego","UC Irvine"], ["UC San Diego","UC San Diego"], ["UC San Diego","UC San Diego"], ["UC San Diego","UC San Diego"], ["UCLA","Boston University"], ["UCLA","George Washington University St. Louis and Health Sciences"], ["UCLA","U of Connecticut"], ["UCLA","U of Kansas"], ["UCLA","U of Michigan"], ["UCLA","U of Michigan"], ["UCLA","UCLA"], ["UCSF","Harvard"], ["UCSF","Harvard"], ["UCSF","Loyola University Medical Center"], ["UCSF","Naval Medical Center San Diego"], ["UCSF","U of Maryland"], ["UCSF","U of Ottawa"], ["UCSF","U of Rochester"], ["UCSF","UC Irvine"], ["UCSF","UC San Diego"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UCSF"], ["UCSF","UT Houston"], ["UCSF","Weill Cornell Medicine - New York Presbyterian Hospital"], ["UCSF","Yale"], ["UMass","Cleveland Clinic"], ["UMass","Eastern Virginia Medical School"], ["UMass","U of Michigan"], ["UMass","UMass"], ["UMass","UMass"], ["UMass","UMass"], ["UMass","UMass"], ["University Hospitals Cleveland","Henry Ford Dermatology"], ["University Hospitals Cleveland","Johns Hopkins"], ["University Hospitals Cleveland","Mayo Clinic Arizona"], ["University Hospitals Cleveland","U of Pittsburgh"], ["University Hospitals Cleveland","U of Puerto Rico"], ["University Hospitals Cleveland","University Hospitals Cleveland"], ["University Hospitals Cleveland","University Hospitals Cleveland"], ["U of Miami","Brown University"], ["U of Miami","U of Miami"], ["U of Miami","Wake Forest Dermatology"], ["UT Southwestern","Henry Ford Dermatology"], ["UT Southwestern","Stanford"], ["UT Southwestern","U of Florida"], ["UT Southwestern","U of Kansas"], ["UT Southwestern","U of New Mexico"], ["UT Southwestern","U of Miami"], ["UT Southwestern","UT Southwestern"], ["UT Southwestern","UT Southwestern"], ["UT Southwestern","UT Southwestern"], ["Vanderbilt","U of Kansas"], ["Vanderbilt","U of Oklahoma"], ["Vanderbilt","U of Miami"], ["Vanderbilt","UT Health San Antonio"], ["Vanderbilt","Vanderbilt"], ["Vanderbilt","Vanderbilt"], ["Vanderbilt","Vanderbilt"], ["Wake Forest Baptist Health","Wake Forest Dermatology"], ["Washington University St. Louis","Saint Louis University"], ["Washington University St. Louis","U of Alabama at Birmingham"], ["Washington University St. Louis","U of Alabama at Birmingham"], ["Washington University St. Louis","U of Arizona"], ["Washington University St. Louis","U of Louisville"], ["Washington University St. Louis","U of Oklahoma"], ["Washington University St. Louis","Washington University St. Louis"], ["Washington University St. Louis","Washington University St. Louis"], ["Washington University St. Louis","Washington University St. Louis"], ["Wayne State University","Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University"], ["Wayne State University","U of Illinois at Chicago"], ["Yale","Harvard"], ["Yale","Harvard"], ["Yale","Oregon Health and Science University"], ["Yale","U of Wisconsin"], ["Yale","Yale"], ["Yale","Yale"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","Mayo Clinic"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","Medical College of Wisconsin"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","New York University"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","Stony Brook Dermatology"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","U of Connecticut"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","U of North Carolina"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","U of Rochester"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","U of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","U of Miami"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","Vanderbilt"], ["Zitelli and Brodland","West Virginia University"], ["Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell","UC Davis"], ["Zucker SoM at Hofstra/Northwell","Zucker SoM at Hofstra/Northwell"] ];

How this viewer works: choose a Mohs fellowship from the dropdown above and the diagram will redraw to show every dermatology residency that has sent a fellow into that specific program. You can drag circles to tidy the view and scroll to zoom. Use the buttons to enable second and third order connections.

About this page: This interactive tool visualizes the pathways between dermatology residency programs and Mohs micrographic surgery fellowships in the United States, using match data from 2019 through 2025. Each node represents a program, and each edge shows the movement of graduates from a residency program into a specific fellowship, providing a clear, intuitive snapshot of national training flows in Mohs surgery.

You can select any fellowship program using the dropdown menu to focus the network view, displaying all the residency programs that have sent graduates to that fellowship. Edge thickness corresponds to the number of fellows who have followed that path, while loops around a node represent graduates who matched into the same institution for fellowship (here, thicker lines mean more internal matches). This design allows you to see which fellowships have historically matched internal candidates and which fellowships attract trainees from across the country.

This helps uncover the geographic and institutional dynamics of the Mohs fellowship pipeline, whether you are a resident planning your path, a program director advising applicants, or simply interested in understanding training flows in procedural dermatology.

The network intentionally limits second and third-order connections to simplify visualization. Residency programs are displayed when they connect directly back to the main node, but their additional connections to other fellowship programs are not shown. This focuses the graph on relationships most relevant to the selected institution

Under the hood, the app uses a force-directed network graph built with D3 v7.

Community Analysis

Community Detection Overview

To identify clusters of closely related fellowship programs, we applied a network analysis technique called community detection. The goal is to find groups of programs that are more tightly connected to one another than to the rest of the network, in other words to uncover natural clusters within the training landscape.

We used a greedy modularity optimization algorithm. This algorithm starts by assigning each node to its own community and then repeatedly merges groups that increase the network’s overall modularity, which is a measure of how much more densely connected nodes are within communities compared to between them. The process stops when no further merges improve modularity, resulting in a set of communities that maximize internal connectivity. Our analysis produced 13 such communities with a modularity score of approximately 0.47, indicating a moderately strong structure where programs form distinct but interlinked clusters.

Interpreting the Results

In practical terms, each detected community represents a cluster of fellowship programs that share many direct or indirect affiliations. These clusters may reflect geographic regions, relationships between program directors, or mentorship lineages within Mohs surgery training. Programs in the same community likely share stronger academic or professional ties, while those that connect different communities may serve as bridges in the broader fellowship network.

Here we see a new form of art, “Neoneoplasticisim”. The term Neoplasticism was already taken.

Tiger

Neoneoplasticism is a pioneering art form that merges medical imagery with imaginative abstraction. Inspired by dermoscopy—the detailed examination of skin lesions—it reinterprets these views into whimsical, unexpected creations, such as a nevus that unmistakably resembles a cat.

Cat

The name “Neoneoplasticism” reflects both the concept of “new growth” in dermatology and the abstract nature of the Neoplasticism movement, offering a fresh perspective on skin and form. By blending biology with surrealism, it challenges us to see medical imagery not just as a diagnostic tool but as a canvas for creativity.

Mona Lisa

The compositions highlight organic forms drawn from dermatoscopic details. Consider the below, where a seborrheic keratosis is reimagined as a grumpy toad.

Grumpy Toad – Inspired by Matsumoto Hoji

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Caffeine Pharmokinetic Optimization https://woodskincodex.com/caffeine/ https://woodskincodex.com/caffeine/#respond Sat, 28 Sep 2024 20:00:44 +0000 https://woodskincodex.com/?p=184 Using a pharmacokinetic model that accounts for both absorption and elimination, the tool generates a dynamic graph showing how your caffeine levels peak and decline over 24 hours. This helps you understand the impact of your caffeine intake on alertness, sleep, and potential side effects.

You can input multiple caffeine doses, specifying the amount and time of consumption. The tool also allows you to adjust key pharmacokinetic parameters, such as the time to peak concentration (Tmax) and caffeine’s half-life, for a personalized simulation.


Advanced Options

Much of the logic for this tool comes from: White JR Jr, Padowski JM, Zhong Y, Chen G, Luo S, Lazarus P, Layton ME, McPherson S. Pharmacokinetic analysis and comparison of caffeine administered rapidly or slowly in coffee chilled or hot versus chilled energy drink in healthy young adults. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016;54(4):308-12. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2016.1146740. PMID: 27100333; PMCID: PMC4898153. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4898153

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Excision Comparison Tool https://woodskincodex.com/excision-comparison/ https://woodskincodex.com/excision-comparison/#respond Sat, 31 Aug 2024 10:44:39 +0000 https://woodskincodex.com/?p=133 Compare the relative area and length of standard rhomboid surgical excisions with variable margins.




Excision Area (cm²) Length (cm)
Excision A
Excision B

About This Tool

Skin cancer is typically excised in the shape of a “rhomboid” (as it is traditionally called, although it is not entirely rhomboid in the mathematical sense). Traditionally, the length to width ratio is 3:1.1

To achieve a certain cure rate, a specific margin size is selected—generally 1 to 2 centimeters for melanoma, or 4 mm for basal cell carcinoma, among others. However, for certain neoplasms, such as atypical nevi, recommended margins are less clearly defined. This tool may prove helpful when considering whether to take a 2 or 4 mm margin for an atypical nevus.

This tool may also assist in selecting an appropriate treatment. Certain treatment modalities can achieve similar cure rates with smaller margins.

For instance, in the study “Clinical Characteristics of Basal Cell Carcinomas of the Vulva: An Institutional Retrospective Review” by Munoz et al., vulvar basal cell carcinomas were treated with either Mohs surgery using 3 mm margins or vulvectomy with 6 mm margins.2

Our tool shows that for a 1 cm basal cell carcinoma, vulvectomy results in a scar that is 38% longer and requires the removal of 89% more skin.

Calculating The Area of The Rhomboid

The area of the rhomboid was previously described by Tilleman et al as:

A = d 2 2 × ( a 2 1 + arcsin ( 1 a ) )

Where a is the length to width ratio and d is the width (or the diameter of the circle). This can be derived from the below image. To do so, add the area of the circle to the area of four triangles (only one is pictured in the image), and then subtract the area of the sector of the circle occupied by the triangles.

  1. Raveh Tilleman T, Tilleman MM, Krekels GA, Neumann MH. Skin waste, vertex angle, and scar length in excisional biopsies: comparing five excision patterns–fusiform ellipse, fusiform circle, rhomboid, mosque, and S-shaped. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004 Mar;113(3):857-61. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000105338.66597.a0. PMID: 15108876. ↩︎
  2. Muñoz G, Singla P, Hurst E, Council ML. Clinical Characteristics of Basal Cell Carcinomas of the Vulva: An Institutional Retrospective Review. Dermatol Surg. 2023 Jan 1;49(1):13-16. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003648. PMID: 36533789 ↩︎

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ChatGPT and the Personal Statement https://woodskincodex.com/chatgpt-for-the-personal-statement/ https://woodskincodex.com/chatgpt-for-the-personal-statement/#respond Sun, 03 Sep 2023 19:19:51 +0000 https://woodskincodex.com/?p=27 This is an interactive tool for exploring ChatGPT generated personal statements. It was created at a time when ChatGPT was somewhat novel… today I’m afraid it’s nothing groundbreaking. Still, if you’re curious about the impact of ChatGPT on personal statements, especially in the medical school and residency application process, keep reading.

With the dropdowns below, generate a dermatology residency statement and observe how different hobbies and academic pursuits shape the narrative.


Emily is a student applying to dermatology, she has a particular interest in . Her favorite hobby is .

As a young child, I always dreamed of becoming a physician. My love of science and desire to help others led me down the path of medicine. But it wasn't until I discovered scuba diving that my true passion for dermatology emerged.

Growing up, I was fortunate enough to travel to various parts of the world with my family. It was on these trips that I was first introduced to the beauty and diversity of the marine world. As I dove deeper into the depths of the ocean, I became fascinated by the intricate adaptations and functions of aquatic creatures. It was this curiosity that sparked my interest in the intricacies of the human body and its various systems.

As I began my journey through medical school, I became more and more drawn to the field of dermatology. From the intricate structure of the skin to its role in protecting the body, I was captivated by the subject. I also learned about the significant impact that skin conditions can have on a person's quality of life, and I knew that I wanted to be able to make a difference in the lives of those suffering from these conditions.

My love of scuba diving has also inspired me to pursue a career in global health. As a physician, I hope to not only provide care to my patients in the clinic, but also to those in underserved communities around the world. I believe that my passion for global health and my desire to make a positive impact on the lives of others will make me an excellent resident.

In conclusion, my love of scuba diving and my desire to make a difference in the lives of others have inspired me to pursue a career in dermatology. I am confident that my strong work ethic, compassion, and dedication to global health will make me an excellent resident.

As a young girl growing up in rural Montana, I developed a love for biathlon – a combination of cross-country skiing and rifle shooting. This demanding and challenging sport taught me the importance of discipline, endurance, and mental focus, skills that have served me well in my academic and professional pursuits.

It was during my undergraduate studies in biology that I first became interested in the field of dermatology. I was fascinated by the intricate workings of the skin, the body's largest organ, and the diverse range of conditions that can affect it. I was also drawn to the visual nature of dermatology and the opportunity to use my keen eye for detail to diagnose and treat patients.

As I progressed through my medical education, I became increasingly committed to pursuing a career in dermatology. I have always been drawn to the ability of this specialty to improve the lives of patients in a tangible and immediate way, and I am excited to continue learning and growing as a physician in this field.

In addition to my passion for dermatology, I have a strong interest in global health. I have had the opportunity to participate in medical missions abroad and have seen firsthand the impact that access to quality healthcare can have on underserved communities. I believe that my experiences in global health have given me a unique perspective and a deeper understanding of the complexities of healthcare delivery, and I am committed to using my skills and training to make a positive difference in the lives of patients around the world.

Overall, I am confident that my passion for dermatology, my dedication to lifelong learning, and my commitment to global health make me an excellent candidate for a medical residency in this specialty. I am excited to begin this next chapter of my career and to contribute to the field of dermatology in a meaningful way.

As an aspiring dermatologist, I am excited to apply for a medical residency in this specialty. My love for painting has played a significant role in my decision to pursue a career in dermatology. As an artist, I am constantly studying the intricacies of color, form, and texture. This attention to detail is essential in the field of dermatology, where even the slightest variations in skin color and texture can indicate underlying health concerns.

My passion for global health has also motivated me to pursue dermatology. In many underserved communities, dermatological conditions can have a profound impact on an individual's quality of life. I believe that by specializing in dermatology, I can make a meaningful difference in the lives of those who may not have access to specialized care.

As a physician, I am committed to providing high-quality care and building strong relationships with my patients. I am a compassionate and empathetic listener, and I strive to create a welcoming and inclusive environment for all. I am also a strong advocate for patient education and empowerment, and I believe that by helping my patients understand their health, I can empower them to make informed decisions about their care.

In addition to my personal qualities, I have a strong foundation in the scientific and clinical aspects of dermatology, having completed several rotations in dermatology during my clinical training, in the United States and abroad. I am confident that my academic and clinical background, combined with my passion for global health and my attention to detail, make me an excellent candidate for a medical residency in dermatology.

In conclusion, my love for painting and my passion for global health have inspired me to pursue a career in dermatology. I am confident that my personal qualities and academic and clinical background make me an excellent candidate for your dermatology residency. I am excited to continue my training and make a meaningful difference in the lives of my patients.

Deep in the ocean something had gone terribly wrong. The pressure gauge on my dive tank was reading significantly lower than it should have been. I immediately recognized the potential danger of running out of air while underwater and knew that I had to act quickly. I thought critically about my options and made the decision to ascend to the surface as quickly and safely as possible. I carefully monitored my air levels and my surroundings, using my attention to detail to navigate my way back to the dive boat. Thanks to my quick thinking and careful attention to detail, I was able to safely make it to the surface. My curiosity and love of learning had lead me to spend hours studying my dive gear, and thanks to this research I was able to quickly identify the component that had failed.

This strong attention to detail and the ability to think critically under pressure will serve me well as a dermatologist, where the ability to accurately diagnose and treat skin conditions is of the utmost importance. Additionally, diving has taught me the importance of maintaining physical health and wellness, which is essential for dermatologists as they work to help their patients achieve and maintain healthy skin.

As a dermatology resident, I am eager to contribute to the field through my passion for research. I believe that my curiosity and love of learning will drive me to constantly seek out new ways to improve patient care and advance the field of dermatology. I am also committed to being a compassionate and caring physician, and I believe that my enthusiasm and dedication to helping others will make me an excellent fit for this specialty.

In summary, my love of scuba diving has inspired me to pursue a career in dermatology, and I am confident that my skills, passion, and dedication make me an excellent candidate for residency. I am excited to contribute to the field and make a positive impact on the lives of my patients.

As a child, I always dreamed of becoming a physician. My love of science and desire to help others led me down the path of medicine. But it wasn't until I discovered biathlon and personally experienced the challenges of living with atopic dermatitis that my true passion for dermatology emerged.

Growing up, I was an avid athlete and always enjoyed pushing my physical limits. As I trained for biathlon races, I struggled with the discomfort and embarrassment of atopic dermatitis. This personal experience sparked a desire to learn more about the condition and how to effectively manage it.

As I began my journey through medical school, I became more and more drawn to the field of dermatology. From the intricate structure of the skin to the wide range of conditions that can affect it, I was captivated by the subject. I also learned about the significant impact that skin conditions can have on a person's quality of life, and I knew that I wanted to be able to make a difference in the lives of those suffering from these conditions, just as I had.

My personal experience with atopic dermatitis and my love of biathlon have also inspired me to pursue a career in research. As a resident, I hope to not only provide care to my patients in the clinic, but also to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of dermatology through research, with a focus on atopic dermatitis. I believe that my personal experience with the condition and my desire to make a positive impact on the lives of others will make me an excellent resident.

In conclusion, my experience with atopic dermatitis and my desire to make a difference in the lives of others have inspired me to pursue a career in dermatology. I am confident that my strong work ethic, dedication to continued learning, and passion for research will make me an excellent resident.

As a budding artist and avid painter, I have always been fascinated by the intricate beauty of the human form. It was this fascination that first drew me to the field of dermatology, a specialty that allows me to explore and appreciate the intricate ways in which the skin, hair, and nails function and how they can be affected by disease.

Throughout my medical education, I have consistently sought out opportunities to gain hands-on experience in the field of dermatology. I have participated in numerous clinical rotations, shadowed experienced dermatologists, and completed research projects focused on skin conditions and treatments. These experiences have only further solidified my passion for this specialty and my desire to make a meaningful impact on the lives of my patients.

As a physician, I believe that excellent patient care involves not only a strong foundation in medical knowledge, but also a compassionate and empathetic approach. My background in art has taught me the value of attention to detail and the importance of listening to and understanding the needs and concerns of my patients. I am confident that my combination of technical expertise and caring bedside manner will make me an asset to any dermatology team.

In addition to my clinical experience, I am also deeply committed to advancing the field of dermatology through research. As a painter, I have always been driven to explore and understand the world around me, and I believe that this same curiosity will serve me well as I pursue a career in dermatological research. I am excited to have the opportunity to contribute to the growing body of knowledge in this field and to use my findings to improve the lives of my patients.

Overall, my passion for art and my desire to make a positive impact on the lives of others have inspired me to pursue a career in dermatology. I am confident that my unique combination of skills and experiences make me an excellent candidate for a residency in this field and I am excited to continue my journey as a physician.

My name is Emily, and I am applying for a medical residency in dermatology with a particular focus on pediatric dermatology. One of my most transformative experiences that has led me toward this specialty is my passion for scuba diving. Scuba diving has taught me to appreciate the complexities of different ecosystems and how each component, no matter how small, contributes to the overall health and balance of the system. This perspective resonates with me in dermatology, where even minor skin conditions can impact a person's general well-being, especially in children whose physiological and psychological ecosystems are still developing.

I believe I am an excellent candidate for this residency for several reasons. First, the qualities that make me a skilled diver—attention to detail, quick decision-making under pressure, and adaptability—are also qualities that make me a strong physician. Just as each dive requires meticulous preparation and awareness, pediatric dermatology calls for a thorough understanding of each child’s medical history, careful observation of symptoms, and a tailored treatment plan.

My enthusiasm for research, especially in pediatric dermatology, is another strength I bring. I am eager to explore the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to common pediatric skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis and acne. My passion for understanding complex systems, fostered through scuba diving, fuels my research interests. I am confident that this background will help me contribute meaningful insights during my residency and beyond.

Compassion and empathy are at the core of my approach to medicine. Just as scuba diving cultivates a respect for every living creature in the sea, my medical philosophy is rooted in treating every patient—especially the most vulnerable, like children—with dignity and comprehensive care. I am particularly attuned to how skin conditions can impact a child's self-esteem and quality of life and am committed to a holistic approach that addresses both physical and emotional well-being.

In summary, my love for scuba diving has profoundly shaped my medical perspective, teaching me the importance of attention to detail, the interconnectedness of systems, and respect for all living beings. These qualities, along with my strong interest in research and compassionate care, make me an ideal candidate for a dermatology residency. I am excited about the opportunity to deepen my skills and contribute to both clinical practice and research in this important specialty.

My name is Emily, and I am applying for a medical residency in dermatology with a focus on pediatric dermatology. What initially drew me to this field is a blend of personal experience and my lifelong dedication to biathlon, a sport that requires both precision and endurance. Biathlon has not only shaped my character but also led me to confront a dermatological condition—persistent atopic dermatitis—that made me recognize the importance of skin health. This personal experience has specifically fueled my passion for helping children who face similar challenges, as early intervention can make a world of difference.

I firmly believe that the qualities making me a successful biathlete are precisely those that will make me an exceptional physician. The sport demands a high level of discipline, the ability to make quick decisions under pressure, and a laser focus—skills directly transferable to a medical setting. In biathlon, as in pediatric dermatology, each minor detail can significantly impact the overall outcome. A missed shot or a minor misjudgment can be costly in a race, just as an overlooked symptom can be critical in a diagnosis.

My strong commitment to research is another pillar supporting my candidacy. I am particularly interested in exploring innovative treatments for atopic dermatitis in pediatric populations. Just as biathlon involves a continual process of learning and fine-tuning to improve performance, I am committed to staying at the forefront of dermatological research to provide the best care for my patients. I intend to combine clinical practice with research to contribute to our evolving understanding of skin conditions that commonly affect children.

Compassion and empathy are cornerstones of my approach to healthcare. I understand firsthand the emotional toll skin conditions can take, especially for children navigating social and developmental milestones. My aim is to provide not only clinical care but also emotional support for both the young patients and their families, ensuring a multidimensional approach to treatment.

In conclusion, my dedication to biathlon has equipped me with a unique set of skills and experiences that make me an outstanding candidate for a residency in dermatology. From my own experiences with atopic dermatitis to the qualities I've honed as an athlete, I offer a distinct blend of technical skill, research commitment, and compassionate care. I am enthusiastic about the prospect of joining your esteemed program to further hone my abilities and contribute positively to the field.

My name is Emily, and I am applying for a medical residency in dermatology, specifically with an interest in pediatric dermatology. One of the inspirations that have led me to this path is my love for painting. Just as each canvas starts with an underlying texture and tone that guides the artwork, so too does each patient present a unique set of symptoms and challenges that require individualized care. The visual acuity and attention to detail required in painting have directly honed my diagnostic skills in dermatology, particularly in identifying and treating skin conditions in children.

What qualifies me as an exceptional candidate for this residency is not just my academic preparation but also the skills and values I have cultivated through painting and my focus on pediatrics. My artwork requires a delicate, precise touch and a keen eye—qualities directly applicable to dermatological procedures and patient examinations. This is especially crucial in pediatric dermatology, where children may not be able to articulate their symptoms fully, requiring an extra level of observation and care.

I am incredibly passionate about contributing to research in pediatric dermatology. Recent advances in this subspecialty hold promising implications for the well-being of our youngest patients, and I am committed to being part of this important work. I'm particularly interested in the early diagnosis and management of atopic dermatitis in children, as timely intervention can significantly improve quality of life. My ability to think creatively, honed through years of creating art, enables me to approach clinical and research problems from a fresh perspective.

Beyond my technical and research skills, I bring a profound level of empathy and communication to my practice. I understand that skin conditions, especially in children, can have far-reaching impacts beyond the physical symptoms. This emotional aspect requires a compassionate approach to reassure both young patients and their families. I am committed to providing this level of holistic care.

In conclusion, my keen eye for detail, honed through painting, my passion for pediatric dermatology, and my deep-rooted empathy for patients make me a strong candidate for this residency program. I am excited about the opportunity to integrate my artistic skills with medical expertise to make meaningful contributions to patient care and research. Through this residency, I hope to further develop my skills and contribute to advancements in dermatology, ensuring that children start their lives with the best skin health possible.

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The above statement was generated previously by ChatGPT, try it out yourself at chat.openai.com . For a more nuanced discussion of the benefits, drawbacks, and likely impact of this software on personal statements I recommend: "The Personal Statement in the Age of Artificial Intelligence", which was the inspiration for this widget.

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Financial Opportunity Cost of Smoking https://woodskincodex.com/money-for-smokers/ Sat, 17 Dec 2022 20:56:45 +0000 https://woodfinreview.com/?p=1 This is an exercise in financial opportunity cost and compound interest. The idea is to help smokers visualize the financial opportunity cost of smoking. It answers the question “How much money would I have if instead of smoking I invested?” Move the sliders below to try it out.

20
7.00
In… You Spend If You Invested That Money You Would Have
1 Day
1 Week
1 Month
1 Year
10 Years
20 Years
30 Years

You don’t have to use it for smoking though, you could also use it to see how much you would save by giving up your daily latte, or how much money you would have if you invested $5 every day for 10 years. To do this, you should set the cigarettes per day to 20 (1 pack).

Annual return on investment is set at 10%, based on the average annual S&P 500 performance over the past 100 years. Return on investment is calculated using the compound interest with daily contributions formula:

A = p × ( 1 + r ) t + p × ( 1 + r ) t 1 r

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